Copy of Psych
The assumption that the simplest explanation of a phenomenon is most likely to be correct
An observation technique in which one person or more is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles
Observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation
A technique for ascertaining the self reported attitudes or behaviors of people usually by questioning a representative sample of them
indicates a direct relationship, meaning that two things increase together or decrease together
indicates an inverse relationship. As one thing increases, the other decreases
Like an illusion, it's the perception of a relationship where none exists
an experimental procedure in which both the subject and the research staff are ignorant or blind about whether the subject has received the treatment or the placebo
What are the four basic principles of ethics?
a cycle or rhythm that is roughly 24 hours long. It’s the cyclical daily fluctuations in biological and psychological processes
a cluster of neurons that are in the hypothalamus that governs the timing of the circadian rhythm
Non rapid eye movement sleep, this sleep is quiet, typically dreamless sleep, in which rapid eye movements are absent and it’s divided into 4 stages. Each stage of sleep has brainwave patterns. Beta brain waves are associated with alert wakefulness
What stage has light sleep, alpha waves, and hypnagogic hallucinations?
What stage lasts between 15-20 minutes and has sleep spindles?
What stage is the beginning of slow wave sleep and is the start of delta waves?
What stage does the body repair its immune system, includes delta waves, and is usually when sleep walking and night terrors occur
type of sleep during which rapid eye movements and dreaming usually occur and voluntary muscle activity is suppressed. Also called paradoxical sleep
What category of drugs are barbiturates?
What category of drugs is cocaine?
What category of drugs is Percocet?
What category of drugs is LSD?
Lies behind the forehead, it’s involved in speaking and muscle movements and in making plans and judgements. At the rear of the frontal lobe is the motor cortex of motor strip. Runs from ear to ear. The motor strip controls voluntary movements
Lies at the top rear. Includes the sensory cortex. The sensory cortex or strip is at the front of the partietal lobe. The sensory cortex registers or processes body sensations
Lying at the back of the head, they include the visual area.they allow you to detect what you see and process it
Roughly above the ears, they include the auditory areas
Includes glands that transmit information throughout the body via chemical messengers called hormones that are secreted into the bloodstream.
a branch of psychology concerned with the links between biology and behavior
also called a nerve cell, it is the basic building block of the nervous system, and it is the basic unit of communication
drug molecules that are similar enough to the neurotransmitter to mimic its effects. For example, opiates. Percs, oxy, etc
drug molecules that are similar enough to the neurotransmitter to occupy its receptor site and block its effect, but not similar enough to stimulate the receptor. For example, poisons and venoms
Brain and spinal cord are a part of this nervous system
What are the four sub nervous systems in the peripheral nervous system?
neurons that carry incoming information from the sense receptors to the central nervous system
Central nervous system neurons that internally communicate and intervene between the sensory inputs and motor outputs. Deals with reflexes
Neurons that carry outgoing information from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands
What are the stages of prenatal development?
biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior and its relatively uninfluenced by experience. For example, potty training.
proposed that children think differently than adults. Developed a four stage theory of cognitive development.
What age range is associated with object permanence and stranger anxiety?
What age range is associated with language development and egocentrism?
What age range is associated with mathematical thinking?
What age range is associated with understanding right vs wrong?
What parenting pattern involves enforcing rules and expecting obedience?
What parenting pattern involves submitting to their children’s desires?
What parenting pattern involves expecting little and investing little, where the child’s needs are met but there isn’t a relationship?
What parenting pattern involves reasonable rules and punishments? Authoritative
Who invented the stages of moral development ?
Who invented the psychosomatic stages of developement, and said that conflict is resolved in all stages of life through different ways?
a process that produces a relatively enduring change in behavior or knowledge as a result of past experience
the process of learning associations between environmental events and behavioral responses
the basic learning process that involves repeatedly pairing a neutral stimulus with a response producing stimulus until the neutral stimulus elicits the same response. Associated with IVAN PAVLOV
What is the natural stimulus that reflexively elicits a response without the need for prior learning?
What is the unlearned reflexive response that is elicited by an unconditioned stimulus?
What is a formally neutral stimulus that acquires the capacity to elicit a reflexive response
What is the learned reflexive response to a conditioned stimulus
What is the occurrence of a stimulus or event following a response that increases the likelihood of that response being repeated
What is a situation in which a response is followed by the addition of a reinforcing stimulus increasing the likelihood that the response will be repeated in similar situations
What is a situation in which a response results in the removal of avoidance of or escape from an unpleasant stimulus, increasing the likelihood that the response will be repeated in similar situations
What is the presentation of a stimulus or event following a behavior that acts to decrease the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated?
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